Austin Immediate Care physicians warn about increase in rabid animals and corresponding rabid animal bites in humans

Highly effective treatment available, must be administered soon after a suspicious animal bite

Physicians on the front lines of urgent care in Texas are seeing an increase in the number of animal bites where treatment for suspected exposure to rabies is indicated. Left untreated in humans and after an incubation period of anywhere from five days to a year, the rabies virus enters the nervous system and the brain and is fatal.

“The good news is that treatment for rabies is highly effective when it’s administered early,” says Brian Bobb, M.D., medical director of Austin Immediate Care. “Regardless of which animal does the biting, the treatment - in the form of a series of injections - is easy to administer and is largely free of pain and side effects.”

Prompt medical attention for the care of an animal bite or scratch and for possible rabies treatment is always called for. “This means within 12 hours of a bite or exposure,” says Dr. Bobb. “The sooner we see a patient, the better.”

Dr. Bobb points to the newer mode of rabies treatment as the major reason why there are few if any deaths from rabies. This is in contrast to the older form of treatment, a series of daily injections to the abdomen that cause severe pain and serious side effects. “Those days are gone,” he says. “These days, parents and others should not fear or avoid treatment for a suspected rabies exposure – it’s just like getting a series of flu shots.”

While a bite from any wild animal - raccoon, skunk, fox, and coyote – is considered to be dangerous and rabies treatment is always indicated, other situations require a physician’s judgment as to which treatments are called for.

First aid for an animal bite or scratch includes washing the wound with soap and water and the application of iodine or other antiseptic to the site, “and then getting the patient to a medical facility or physician,” says Dr. Bobb.

Why Rabies is on the Rise

Authorities at the Department of State Health Services point to the severe Texas drought as one reason why the number of rabid animals in Texas is on the rise – doubling in some areas vs. 2010 - especially among skunks and bats, but also raccoons and foxes. As they struggle in their search for food and water and wander beyond their usual environs in the wild, rabid wild animals are in increased contact with other animals and with humans.

They get into scrapes, they bite, and thus the chain of infection forms: from rabid skunks, bats, and other wild animals to dogs and cats to humans.

According to DSHS, in the first six months of 2011, 268 cases of animal rabies were reported in Central Texas, compared to 109 cases reported during the same period last year. Statewide, 591 animal rabies cases were reported during the first six months of 2011 vs. 387 cases for the first six months of 2010.

Recognizing a Rabid Animal and Preventing a Bite

Rabies is a disease of the animal nervous system and is zoonotic – common to and transmitted among animals, not humans. But humans are susceptible via animal bites and scratches and/or exposure to a rabid animal’s saliva.

Experts point to an animal’s odd or strange behavior as a quick way to recognize a potential threat.

• Animals familiar to us that have a change in behavior: A friendly dog might want to be alone. A shy dog might want attention.

• Wild animals that seem to be friendly or tame and that appear during the daytime.

• Animals that have difficulty walking, eating, or drinking. Rabid animals tend to drool.

• Excitement or meanness in animals.

• Rabid dogs often roam, make strange noises and attack people and other animals.

“Children are especially vulnerable because they may not recognize a potentially dangerous change in the behavior of an animal, even the family dog or cat, which might be infected. They should stay away from the animal in question,” adds Dr. Bobb. “This is why adults need to be aware and alert about the animals their children encounter. “

Upon learning about an animal bite to a child, parents may want to ask the child about the circumstances of the bite, a description of the animal and how it was behaving, and other details, which will be helpful to the treating physician and to animal control officers. Locating and quarantining the animal is also of utmost importance if a bite or scratch occurs, but capturing the animal should be left to animal control so that further exposure or injury is not incurred.

Pets such as mice, hamsters, and gerbils are rarely infected and are considered safe.

Listen to Auston Immediate Care's Dr. Jordan Laroe talk about urgent care and traumatic injusry on The Dr. Dan Show. http://siteadmin.talkradio1370am.com/sites/default/files/audio/DRDAN052111.mp3

Check out "The Dr. Dan Show" on Saturday, May 21, at 9 a.m. on 96.3 FM. This week’s guest will be Dr. Jordan Laroe from Austin Immediate Care who will be talking about traumatic injury. For those of you outside of the Austin area, find the show online at “TuneIn.” Call or e-mail with your question to the doctors at 390-1370 or drdanshow@austinskin.com

Austin, TX - January 12, 2011 – According to the Texas State Department of Health, as of January 1, 2011, the flu in Texas has increased to a ‘regional’ classification. At this level, outbreaks of influenza or increases in influenza-like illness have been confirmed in at least two but less than half the regions of the state.

The Center for Disease Control recommends a yearly flu vaccine as the first and most important step in protecting against flu viruses. The flu vaccine is a safe and effective preventive health measure with the potential to benefit all age groups. Although most healthy people recover from the flu without complications, some people, adults over the age of 65 , children under the age of 2, and people with certain health conditions (such as asthma, diabetes, or heart disease), are at high risk for serious complications from the flu. “These people should make getting a flu vaccine a priority in their lives,” says Jordan Laroe, MD, medical director of Austin Immediate Care.

Dr. Laroe notes that this year’s vaccine protects against three different viruses: the H3N2 virus, the influenza B virus, and last year’s swine flu H1N1 virus. “Even if you received a vaccine in 2009 for both flu and swine flu, this year’s three-part vaccine – administered in a single dose – gives you the best possible protection,” she adds. “Influenza viruses change each year, so the vaccines change as well.”

Influenza usually starts suddenly and may include the following symptoms: Fever, headache, tiredness, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body-aches, diarrhea and vomiting.

Typically, the flu spreads from person to person in respiratory droplets when people who are infected cough or sneeze. On occasion, people may become infected by touching something with influenza virus on it and then touching their mouth, nose or eyes. Dr. Laroe stresses that hand washing, coughing or sneezing into the crease of your arm and other common sense preventative measures help

“Austin Immediate Care has a limited supply of the vaccine on hand and our physicians and nurses are ready to administer it” says Dr. Laroe. “Even in January, it’s not too late to get your vaccination and give yourself the best possible chance at prevention.” Plus, most insurance plans cover the cost of a flu shot in full.

Physicians at Austin Immediate Care are also warning area residents about the high levels of cedar pollen after Austin saw the highest pollen counts in the nation last week.  Commonly referred to as Cedar Fever, those affected will feel like they have the flu—runny nose, headache, sore throat, red watery eyes and sneezing. On average, the area sees readings around 50gr/m³— last week levels peaked at around 4000gr/m³. Forecasters are predicting more high readings this week. For relief, Immediate Care physicians recommend your usual allergy symptom relievers such as antihistamines and nasal spray.

Austin Immediate Care is open 7 days a week and no appointment is necessary. Visit www.austinimmediatecare.com for more information.

Austin, TX – January 11, 2011 – In response to the recent rise of syphilis cases in the Austin, Texas area, physicians at Austin Immediate Care are expressing concern for the residents of the community.

Syphilis is a bacterial infection usually spread by sexual contact. The disease starts as a painless sore — typically on your genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores. After the initial infection, the syphilis bacteria can lie dormant in your body for decades before becoming active again. Early syphilis can be cured, sometimes with a single injection of penicillin. Without treatment, syphilis can severely damage your heart, brain or other organs, and can be life-threatening.

Syphilis continues to be a problem in the southern United States. The Center for Disease Control ranks Texas 10th among the 50 states, with 5.9 cases of primary and secondary stage syphilis per 100,000 persons. Additionally, the number of congenital syphilis cases increased from 68 in 1999 to 127 in 2008 and continues to rise.

Jordan Laroe, MD, of Austin Immediate Care is concerned by the rising number of cases of syphilis in the area. “Syphilis is becoming a serious problem in Austin— it can be easily cured in its early stages but it’s important we start talking about it now.”

Syphilis develops in stages, and symptoms vary with each stage. The stages may overlap, and symptoms don't always occur in the same order so a person may be infected with syphilis and not notice any symptoms for years. Typically, people with primary syphilis will develop one or more sores. The sores resemble large round bug bites and are often hard and painless. They occur on the genitals or in or around the mouth but can heal without treatment within six weeks. The secondary stage may last one to three months and begins within six weeks to six months after exposure. People with secondary syphilis experience a rosy or copper colored rash typically on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. In addition to rashes, symptoms of secondary syphilis may include fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, patchy hair loss, headaches, weight loss, muscle aches, and fatigue. Like primary syphilis, the symptoms of secondary syphilis will resolve without treatment. However, if untreated, latent stages of syphilis can occur and the infected person will continue to have syphilis even though there are no signs or symptoms—the infection remains in the body. This latent stage can last for years and reappear 10–20 years after infection was first acquired. If the infected individual remains untreated, severe problems with the heart, brain, and nerves that can result in paralysis, blindness, dementia, deafness, impotence, and even death can occur.

If you suspect that you may be infected, Dr. Laroe urges you to visit Austin Immediate Care. “Syphilis can be easily diagnosed with a blood test” says Dr. Laroe.

At a time when Syphilis cases are increasing in the Austin area, Dr. Laroe would like to stress the importance of prevention. Her recommendations are as follows:

- Abstain or be monogamous: The only certain way to avoid syphilis is to forgo having sex. The next-best option is to have mutually monogamous sex with one partner who is uninfected.

- Use a latex condom: Condoms can reduce your risk of contracting syphilis, but only if the condom covers the syphilis sores.

- Avoid recreational drugs: Excessive use of alcohol or other drugs can cloud your judgment and lead to unsafe sexual practices.

Source: Center for Disease Control; Texas Department of State Health Services